For those seeking to work legally in the United States, obtaining an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) serves as a crucial gateway. This document not only verifies your legal right to work but also fulfills a mandatory legal requirement for employers. During job interviews, employers typically inquire about your work eligibility, and presenting your EAD will protect your employment rights.
Understanding the EAD Card
An EAD card is not employer-specific, allowing holders to work for any U.S. company. The document contains essential personal information including your name, photograph, Alien Registration Number, card number, and expiration date. It may also serve as a valid form of identification. However, it's important to note that an EAD (officially designated as Form I-766) cannot be used for re-entry into the United States.
Eligibility Requirements
EAD qualification depends on specific immigration statuses, including:
- Refugees and asylees
- Individuals with Temporary Protected Status (TPS)
- Humanitarian parolees
- DACA recipients
- VAWA petitioners
U.S. citizens and green card holders automatically possess work authorization and do not need an EAD.
Asylum applicants must wait 150 days after filing their application before submitting an EAD request. USCIS may reject applications filed before this waiting period.
Special Considerations
Refugees and approved asylees automatically receive work authorization without needing to apply for an EAD. Refugees typically receive their EAD cards by mail within 30 days of arrival in the U.S.
Certain Afghan and Ukrainian parolees benefit from special provisions allowing them to begin work immediately using a valid I-94 form for the first 90 days of employment. After this period, they must provide both an EAD and an unrestricted Social Security card.
Renewal Process
For expiring or expired EADs, holders must file a new Form I-765. Applicants should note:
- Filing fees typically apply unless exempt under special provisions
- Processing times vary based on application volume
- Early renewal (up to 180 days before expiration) is recommended to avoid employment gaps
By understanding these key aspects of the EAD process, foreign workers can navigate U.S. employment authorization with greater confidence and efficiency.